Background of the Study
Employee engagement is considered one of the most influential factors in driving organizational performance, productivity, and employee retention. Engaged employees are more committed to their work, motivated to achieve organizational goals, and less likely to leave the company (Kanu & Eze, 2023). In industries such as manufacturing and services, the approaches to engaging employees can differ significantly due to the nature of the work, the operational environment, and employee expectations. Dangote Cement Plc, one of the leading manufacturers in Nigeria, and Airtel Nigeria, a major telecommunications provider, both emphasize the importance of employee engagement to maintain high performance and competitiveness in their respective sectors.
In the manufacturing industry, employee engagement strategies often focus on enhancing job satisfaction through job security, fair compensation, skill development, and health and safety measures (Oloruntoba & Oladipo, 2024). For service industries like telecommunications, engagement strategies tend to emphasize teamwork, customer service excellence, and the use of technology to create a dynamic work environment. Given these differing operational models, this study will examine and compare the employee engagement strategies used by Dangote Cement Plc and Airtel Nigeria in Yobe State to assess how these strategies influence employee attitudes, performance, and organizational outcomes.
Statement of the Problem
While both Dangote Cement Plc and Airtel Nigeria recognize the importance of employee engagement, there is limited research on how the engagement strategies in these two distinct industries—manufacturing and services—affect employee attitudes and performance in Yobe State. Differences in the nature of work, company culture, and employee expectations may influence the effectiveness of engagement practices. Therefore, this study seeks to compare and evaluate the employee engagement strategies used by Dangote Cement Plc and Airtel Nigeria to determine which strategies are most effective in fostering employee commitment and performance.
Objectives of the Study
1. To compare the employee engagement strategies employed by Dangote Cement Plc and Airtel Nigeria in Yobe State.
2. To evaluate the impact of these engagement strategies on employee performance and organizational outcomes in both companies.
3. To identify the key factors that influence employee engagement in the manufacturing and service sectors in Yobe State.
Research Questions
1. What are the key employee engagement strategies employed by Dangote Cement Plc and Airtel Nigeria in Yobe State?
2. How do these engagement strategies affect employee performance and organizational outcomes in both companies?
3. What factors influence the effectiveness of employee engagement strategies in Dangote Cement Plc and Airtel Nigeria?
Research Hypotheses
Ho1: There is no significant difference in the employee engagement strategies employed by Dangote Cement Plc and Airtel Nigeria in Yobe State.
Ho2: Employee engagement strategies have no significant impact on employee performance and organizational outcomes in Dangote Cement Plc and Airtel Nigeria.
Ho3: The factors influencing employee engagement are the same in both the manufacturing and service sectors in Yobe State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on comparing employee engagement strategies in Dangote Cement Plc and Airtel Nigeria in Yobe State. The findings may not be generalizable to other regions or industries. The research is limited to examining formal employee engagement practices and does not consider informal or extrinsic factors. Additionally, the study's reliance on self-reported data may introduce biases in employee perceptions of engagement strategies.
Definitions of Terms
• Employee Engagement: The emotional commitment and involvement employees have towards their work, organization, and job roles, which affects their performance and satisfaction.
• Engagement Strategies: Organizational practices aimed at enhancing employee engagement, including communication, feedback mechanisms, skill development, and rewards.
• Organizational Outcomes: The measurable results of organizational efforts, such as employee retention, productivity, and profitability.
• Employee Performance: The quality and quantity of work produced by an employee, which can be influenced by their level of engagement and motivation
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